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Hogwarts students at Long Beach Comic & Horror Con 2011 ' Harry Potter fandom' refers to the of the books and movies who participate in entertainment activities that revolve around the series, such as reading and writing, creating and soliciting, engaging in, socializing on Harry Potter-based, and more. The fandom interacts online as well as offline through activities such as, tours of iconic landmarks relevant to the and production of the, and parties held for the midnight release of each book and film. By the fourth Harry Potter book, the legions of fans had grown so large that considerable security measures were taken to ensure that no book was purchased before the official release date.

Harry Potter is considered one of the few, multi-generation spanning franchises that exist today, despite Rowling's original marketing of the books to tweens and teens. A fan imitates Harry casting the spell Pottermania is an informal term first used around 1999 describing the craze fans have had over the series. Fans held midnight parties to celebrate the release of the final four books at bookstores which stayed open on the night leading into the date of the release.

In 2005, listed the midnight release of as one of 'Entertainment's Top Moments' of the previous 25 years. Diehard fans of the series are called ' Potterheads'. Some even theme their around Harry Potter. A Bridal Guide featured two real weddings soon before the release of the final movie, which quickly spread through the fandom via,, and.

The craze over the series was referenced in 's 2003 novel as well as its. In the story, the protagonist Andrea Sachs is ordered to retrieve two copies of the next installment in the series for her boss's twins before they are published so that they can be privately flown to France, where the twins and their mother are on holiday. Famous Harry Potter fans include, and,,,,,,,, and. Fan sites [ ] There are many fan web sites about Harry Potter on the Internet, the oldest ones dating to about 1997 or 1998.

Has an open relationship with her fan base, and since 2004 periodically hands out a 'fan site award' on her official web site. The first site to receive the award was Immeritus, a fan site mostly devoted to, and about which Rowling wrote, 'I am so proud of the fact that a character, whom I always liked very much, though he never appeared as much more than a brooding presence in the books, has gained a passionate fan-club.' In 2004, after Immeritus, Rowling bestowed the honour upon four sites. The first was Godric's Hollow; for some time however, the site's domain name was occupied by advertisers and its content was lost and there is no further record on Rowling's site that Godric's Hollow ever received the award, although in 2010 the website came back online again albeit with a lot of content missing. The next site was the, an online encyclopedia Rowling has admitted to visiting while writing away from home rather than buying a copy of her books in a store. She called it 'for the dangerously obsessive; my natural home.' The third site of 2004 was, a web site featuring the latest news in the Potter world, among editorials, forums, and a podcast.

Rowling wrote when giving the award, 'It's high time I paid homage to the mighty MuggleNet,' and listed all the features she loved, including 'the pretty-much-exhaustive information on all books and films.' The last site was, the first fan site Rowling ever visited, 'faster off the mark with Harry Potter news than any other site' Rowling knows, and 'fantastically user-friendly.'

In 2005, only was honored. In Rowling's words, 'it is about the worst kept secret on this website that I am a huge fan of The Leaky Cauldron,' which she calls a 'wonderfully well designed mine of accurate information on all things Harry Potter.' On another occasion, Rowling has called the Leaky Cauldron her 'favourite fan site.' In 2006, the Brazilian website Potterish was the only site honoured, in recognition of its 'style, [its] Potter-expertise and [its] responsible reporting.' In May 2007, received the award. Rowling recognized the insightful editorials as well as praised the site for its young and dedicated staff. In December 2007, the award went to The Harry Potter Alliance, a campaign that seeks to end discrimination, genocide, poverty, AIDS, global warming, and other 'real-world Dark Arts', relating these problems to the books.

Rowling called the project 'extraordinary' and 'most inspirational', and paralleled its mission to 'the values for which Dumbledore's Army fought in the books'. In an article about her in, Rowling expressed her gratefulness at the site's successful work raising awareness and sign-up levels among anti-genocide coalitions. At one time,, which owns the rights to Harry Potter and its affiliates, tried to shut down the sites.

The unsuccessful attempt eventually led to their inviting the webmasters of the top sites to premieres of the films and tours of the film sets, because of their close connection with the fans. Executives have acknowledged that many fans are disappointed that certain elements of the books are left out, but not trying to avoid criticism, 'bringing the fan sites into the process is what we feel is really important.' These fan sites contain news updates into the world of the,, and through the use of forums, image galleries, or video galleries. They also host user-submitted creations, such as or fan fiction. Podcasts [ ] The Harry Potter fandom has embraced as a regular, often weekly, insight to the latest discussion in the fandom. Has featured two of the podcasts, and. Both have reached the top spot of podcast rankings and have been polled one of the top 50 favorite podcasts.

At the 2006 Podcast Awards, when MuggleCast and PotterCast each received two nominations for the same two categories, the two podcasts teamed up and requested listeners vote for PotterCast in the Best Entertainment category and MuggleCast in the People's Choice category. Both podcasts won these respective categories. MuggleCast, hosted by staffers, was created in August 2005, not long after the release of Half-Blood Prince. Topics of the first show focused on, ', the, which was due for release two months later, and the website DumbledoreIsNotDead.com. Since then, MuggleCast has held chapter-by-chapter discussions, character analyses, and a discussion on a 'theory of the week'. MuggleCast has also added humour to their podcast with segments like 'Spy on Spartz,' where the hosts would call MuggleNet webmaster Emerson Spartz and reveal his current location or activity with the listening audience. British staff member Jamie Lawrence tells a British joke of the week, and host Andrew Sims reads an email sent to MuggleNet with a strange request or incoherent talk (dubbed 'Huh?!

Email of the Week'). MuggleCast is currently the highest rated Harry Potter Podcast on the Internet. The MuggleCast website will continue to serve as a resource for other Harry Potter fans who want to rediscover the show. PotterCast was released less than two weeks after MuggleCast's first episode.

Produced by, it differed from MuggleCast with a more structured program, including various segments and involvement of more people on the Leaky Cauldron staff compared to MuggleCast. It also was the first Potter podcast to produce regular interviews with people directly involved with the books and films. The first show featured interviews with, art director of the films, as well as, who plays. PotterCast has also interviewed (the actor who portrays ), (), (), (),,, (directors of the first four films), Arthur A. Levine and Cheryl Klein (editors of the books at ), and the author of the book series,. The two sites are friendly rivals and have aired several combined episodes, which they call 'The Leaky Mug', a separate podcast released on a separate feed from time to time. Live joint podcasts have been held in,, and.

From time to time, hosts on one podcast will appear on their counterpart. Fan fiction [ ] Rowling has backed stories on the Internet, stories written by fans that involve or other characters in the books. A March 2007 study showed that 'Harry Potter' is the most searched-for fan fiction subject online. Some fans will use canon established in the books to write stories of past and future events in the Harry Potter world; others write stories that have little relation to the books other than the characters' names and the settings in which the fan fiction takes place.

On, there are over 733,000, while has 88,821 stories on Harry Potter as of January 2016. There are numerous websites devoted solely to Harry Potter fan fiction. Of these, according to rankings on Alexa.com, HarryPotterFanfiction.com has grown to be the most popular. A well-known work of fan fiction is The Shoebox Project, created by two users. Over 8500 people subscribe to the story so that they are alerted when new posts update the story. The authors' works, including this project, were featured in an article in discussing the growth in popularity of fandoms. The current most reviewed piece of fanfiction, with over 25,000 reviews, is Harry Potter and the Methods of Rationality by writing under the pseudonym of Less Wrong.

In 2006, the 'popular 'bad' fanfic' was posted on by user 'Tara Gilesbie'. It was deleted by the site's administrators in 2008, but not before amassing over eight thousand negative reviews. It spawned a number of spoofs and a number of imitators created 'sequels' claiming to be the original Tara. However, in September 2017, the author of the fanfic has come out and said that 'it was all a joke' in an interview after stating so earlier in March of the same year on.

In 2007, a web-based novel,, was written by a computer animator named George Lippert. The book was written as a supplement to fill the void after Deathly Hallows, and received eventual approval from Rowling herself.

Rowling has said, 'I find it very flattering that people love the characters that much.' She has adopted a positive position on fan fiction, unlike authors such as or who discourage fans from writing about their books and have asked sites like FanFiction.Net to remove all stories of their works, requests honored by the site. However, Rowling has been 'alarmed by pornographic or sexually explicit material clearly not meant for kids,' according to Neil Blair, an attorney for her publisher.

The attorneys have sent letters to sites that host adult material. Potter fan fiction also has a large following in the genre, stories which feature sexual relationships that do not exist in the books ( shipping), often portraying homosexual pairings. Famous pairings include Harry with or, and with. Harry Potter slash has eroded some of the antipathy towards underage sexuality in the wider slash fandom. Tracey 'T' Proctor, a moderator of FictionAlley.org, a Harry Potter fanfiction website, said 'I don't really get into the children's aspect of it, but rather the teachers, the adult characters. I read someone once who said, 'If she didn't want us fantasizing about her characters, she needs to stop having these handsome men portraying them.'

And that's the truth: It's very hard not to look at Alan Rickman [Professor Severus Snape] and Jason Isaacs [Lucius Malfoy] and not get erotic thoughts. I have some fan fiction at Fiction Alley.

You want to write stories about the characters that J.K. Is not writing, about their love lives that you don't see in the book.' In November 2006,, who plays in the Potter films, said that he had read fan fiction about his character and gets 'a huge kick out of the more far-out stuff.' Discussion [ ] Prior to the publication of, much of the energy of the Potter fandom was devoted to speculation and debate about upcoming plot and character developments. To this end, clues from the earlier books and deliberate hints from (in interviews and on her website) were heavily scrutinised by fans.

In particular, fan essays were published on websites such as (the 'world famous editorials'), the and (Scribbulus project) among others: offering theories, comment and analysis on all aspects of the series. The discussion list (founded in 1999) is also noteworthy for its detailed criticism and discussion of the Harry Potter books. Speculation intensified with the July 2005 publication of and the detailed post-publication interview given by Rowling to Mugglenet and The Leaky Cauldron. Notably, DumbledoreIsNotDead.com sought to understand the events of the sixth book in a different way. (Rowling later confirmed, however – on 2 August 2006 – that Dumbledore was, in fact, dead, humorously apologising to the website as she did so.) A collection of essays, Who Killed Albus Dumbledore?: What Really Happened in Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince?

Six Expert Harry Potter Detectives Examine the Evidence, was published by Zossima Press in November 2006. Contributors included the Christian author and Joyce Odell of Red Hen Publications, whose own website contains numerous essays on the Potterverse and fandom itself.

In 2006, in advance of the arrival of the seventh Potter novel, five MuggleNet staff members co-authored the reference book Mugglenet.Com's What Will Happen in Harry Potter 7: Who Lives, Who Dies, Who Falls in Love and How Will the Adventure Finally End, an anthology of unofficial fan predictions; while early in 2007, Leaky launched HarryPotterSeven.com, featuring 'roundups and predictions from some of the most knowledgeable fans online' (including of the Lexicon). Late additions to the fan scene (prior to the publication of ) included BeyondHogwarts.com (the successor to DumbledoreIsNotDead.com), which billed itself as 'the only ongoing online Harry Potter fan conference', as well as Book7.co.uk, which offered a hypothetical 'evidence-based synopsis' of the seventh novel. To this day, debate and reaction to the novels and films continues on web forums (including Mugglenet's Chamber of Secrets community and TLC's Leaky Lounge). Conventions [ ]. Attendees of Sectus convention in London await the midnight release of Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows have been another way that the fandom has congregated. Conventions such as Prophecy, LeakyCon, Infinitus, Azkatraz, and Ascendio have maintained an academic emphasis, hosting professional keynote speakers as well as keeping the atmosphere playful and friendly. Further information: In the fandom the word 'ship' and its derivatives like 'shipping' or 'shipper' are commonly used as shorthand for the word 'relationship.'

The Harry Potter series generated ship debates with supporters of the prospective relationship between and his close female friend at odds with supporters of Hermione ending up instead with, close friend of both. Quotes from Rowling which seemed to contradict the possibility of Harry ending up with Hermione were usually countered by claiming them to be deliberate obfuscations designed to lure astute observation off-course (though such claims were far from undisputed, given that these allegedly vague quotes included such phrases as '[Harry and Hermione] are very platonic friends', and were repeated on at least three different occasions). An interview with J.K. Rowling conducted by fansite webmasters Emerson Spartz () and Melissa Anelli () shortly after the book's release turned out to be quite controversial. During the interview Spartz commented that Harry/Hermione shippers were 'delusional', to which Rowling chuckled, though making it clear that she did not share the sentiment and that the Harry/Hermione fans were 'still valued members of her readership'. This incident resulted in an uproar among Harry/Hermione shippers.

Many of them complained that both sites had a Ron/Hermione bias and criticised Rowling for not including a representative of their community, as a way to avoid difficult questions. The uproar was loud enough to merit an article in the. Rowling's attitude towards the shipping phenomenon has varied between amused and bewildered to frustrated, as she revealed in that interview. She explained: “ Well, you see, I'm a relative newcomer to the world of shipping, because for a long time, I didn't go on the net and look up Harry Potter.

Occasionally I had to, because there were weird news stories or something that I would have to go and check, because I was supposed to have said something I hadn’t said. I had never gone and looked at fan sites, and then one day I did and oh — my — god. Five hours later or something, I get up from the computer shaking slightly [all laugh]. 'What is going on?’ And it was during that first mammoth session that I met the shippers, and it was a most extraordinary thing.

I had no idea there was this huge underworld seething beneath me. ” In a later posting on MuggleNet, Spartz explained: “ My comments weren't directed at the shippers who acknowledged that Harry/Hermione was a long shot but loved the idea of them together. It was directed at the 'militant' shippers who insisted that there was overwhelming canon proof and that everyone else was too blind to see it. You were delusional; you saw what you wanted to see and you have no one to blame for that but yourselves.

” Rowling has continued to make references, less humorous and more, to the severity of the shipper conflicts. In one instance she has joked about trying to think of ways of proving to Emerson, when inviting him for the aforementioned interview, that it was really her and not 'some angry Harry/Hermione shipper trying to lure him down a dark alleyway'; In another, she has described her impression of the Harry Potter fandom's shipping debates as 'cyber gang warfare'.

In an interview with Rowling in February 2014 in Wonderland Magazine Rowling stated that she thought that 'in some ways Harry and Hermione are a better fit [in comparison to Ron and Hermione]' and that Hermione and Ron had 'too much fundamental incompatibility.' She stated that Hermione and Ron were written together 'as a form of wish fulfillment' as way to reconcile a relationship she herself was once in. She went on to say that perhaps with marriage counseling Ron and Hermione would have been all right. She also went on to say in a talk at Exeter University that Harry's love for Ginny is true, thereby denying any canon relationship between Harry and Hermione.

Other relationships [ ] On a less intense scale, other relationships have been doted upon in the fandom from suggestive hints or explicit statements throughout canon, such as those between Draco Malfoy and, parents and, and, or and, or Rose Granger-Weasley and Scorpius Malfoy. A potential relationship between and was originally dispelled by Rowling, though she later retracted this and said she noticed a slight attraction between them in Deathly Hallows. Some couples, besides Harry and Ginny and Ron and Hermione, have been explicitly stated in the series: and are married in Deathly Hallows after dating throughout Half-Blood Prince. In Half-Blood Prince, keeps her feelings for to herself, but remains depressed when he refuses her advances; he feels that his being a werewolf would not create a safe relationship.

Tonks professes her love for him at the end of the book, and she and Lupin have been married by the beginning of Deathly Hallows and have a son 'Teddy' later in the book. Other couples, such as Harry and Draco or Lupin and, are favorites among fans who read fan fiction about them. There is also debate about Lily and Severus vs. Roleplaying games [ ].

Students at their biannual tournament, a form of live action roleplay. Is a central feature of the Harry Potter fandom. There are two primary forms: internet-based roleplay and live-action roleplay,. LARPing often involves re-enacting or creating an original Quidditch team. Match rules and style of play vary among fandom events, but they are generally kept as close as possible to the sport envisioned by Rowling. The 2006 Lumos symposium included a Quidditch tournament played in water.

More common are ground-based games such as the handball style developed by USA Team Handball and featured at the -sponsored Spellbound event, as well as the style played intramurally at (at left). This version of quidditch has grown past intramural play, is far from LARPing, and has an international governing body, the IQA. Internet-based roleplay tries to simulate the Hogwarts experience. Most [ ] sites are forum-based, emphasizing taking classes taught by staff members in order for the players to earn points for their respective houses. Some [ ] internet-based roleplay sites go more in depth into canon and storylines, and do not specifically rely on posting as the only method for gaining house points while others [ ] have expanded to include activities such as Quidditch, dueling, and board-wide plots. Hogwarts-school.net (est. 2000), for example, is a forum-based roleplaying game which allows players to take classes, engage in extracurriculars, and also has many options for adult characters in St.

Mungos, the Daily Prophet, and the Ministry of Magic. 2007 saw the launch of World of Hogwarts, a completely free roleplaying game in, set ten years after the Battle of. Here, roleplayers can create an avatar and interact with other students, attend lessons organized by other roleplayers, play, sit for their exams, earn and lose points for their house, visit, and the Forbidden Forest, get a job at the, explore several secret passages within the castle, and even immerse themselves into intricate and well-composed storyline plots that have, through time, grown into the canon rules of the game.

A website created by ISO Interactive, called the Chamber of Chat is a free online interactive virtual world under a format. Although not a full format, Chamber of Chat is set up with 3D virtual chatrooms and avatars where fans can socially interact with each other in and Harry Potter games or participate in discussion groups about Harry Potter or Film media or perform plays as a theater group to other fans as audience. They hold special community event such as Harry Potters Birthday or Halloween and have seasonal house competitions. Fans are able to create their own avatars, collect or be rewarded coins to purchase furniture items for their own 'clubhouse'. However, the website emphasizes more social interaction between fans' avatars to stimulate the Hogwarts student experience.

'Chamber of Chat is a graphical Social Virtual World with a few plug-ins. The Harry Potter Virtual World is designed for fans.

This give users the feeling that they are interacting in the actual 3D world. You can hang out with other students, relax in the common room, mingle at the pub, play games like Pictionary and even download cool looking wallpapers.' On 19 April 2007, Chamber of Chat was awarded Site of the day. Chamber of chat has also been awarded a place among the SmartFoxServer Showcase.

'Chamber of Chat is an MMO community inspired to the magic worlds of the Harry Potter saga. The application is a great example of integration between Director/Shockwave (client) and SmartFoxServer PRO.'

Chamber of Chat has been a long time associated branch of The Leaky network and although as part of the network with, and 'Ask ' search engine, it was ranked number two behind TheRaider.Net out of 25 essential fansites of 'The Best of the Web' by in December 2007. Other sites use modified versions of that allow for a certain level of roleplaying and are what is commonly referred to as '. Interactive gaming can include features, a form of currency for making purchases in stores, and such as monsters that must be fought to gain levels and experience points. However, these features are more prevalent in games that are not forum-based. Advancement in such games is usually dependent on live chat, multiplayer cooperation, and fighting as opposed to taking classes or simply posting to earn points for one's 'house'; like at Hogwarts, players in forum-based games are sometimes sorted into a different group distinguishing different values within a person. Iconic landmarks tours [ ].

The, which the passes over when it travels to Hogwarts in the films. Some travel agencies have organised a subdivision to create tours specifically highlighting iconic landmarks in the world of Harry Potter. HP Fan Trips, offered by Beyond Boundaries Travel since 2004 in conjunction with fan site, was designed by and for fans of the series, and tours noteworthy Potter-related locations in the United Kingdom. Since 2004, they have exclusively chartered steam locomotive, the locomotive used in the films as the, as well as the carriages labeled as such and seen in the movies. The travel agency Your Man in Europe began hosting Magical Tours in 2006, in conjunction with fan site.

They offer four different tours through England and Scotland. The castle used for filming exterior shots of in the. These tours primarily feature locations used for shooting in the, though some trips include a Chinese restaurant in Edinburgh, which was once Nicholson's Cafe, where Rowling wrote much of the manuscript for, and, where Rowling read from the sixth book on the night of its release to an audience of children. Filming locations visited include, where some exterior locations of are shot, places in, Scotland;, Scotland; the; in and the Cloisters located within. Wizard rock [ ]. This section may of the article.

Please help or discuss this issue on the. (October 2017) The series has come with its share of criticism as well.

Allegations of found in the text, and, one doctor coined the term 'Hogwarts headache' in a letter to the shortly after the release of, the longest book in the series, at 766 pages in the UK edition, 870 pages in the US edition, and over 250,000 words. He described it as a mild condition, a possibly accompanied by neck or wrist pains, caused by unhealthily long reading sessions of Harry Potter. The 'symptoms' resolve themselves within days of finishing the book.

His prescription of taking reading breaks was rejected by two of the patients on which he discovered this headache. Researchers in found that the admission rate of children with traumatic injuries to the city's plummeted on the publication weekends of both and. See also [ ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to.

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